The Republic by Plato

Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in the 5th century BC. Being greatly inspired by Socrates, Plato extensively meditated on existential and political issues. Justice is a particularly important component of Plato's explorations and it is at the heart of his best-known work The Republic. The philosopher is also renowned for establishing the Academy in c. 387 where one of the main subjects was unsurprisingly the study of justice. In fact, one of his brightest students, Aristotles became a canonical thinker himself. Subsequently, Platonism turned out to be the foundation of a whole school of thought within the canon of Western Philosophy. In fact, all the eminent philosophers of the past millenium - such as Machiavelli, Kant and Nietzsche - reflected on the works of Plato or used them to postulate their own dialectic ideas.