The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy: A History of Miscarriage in America

"The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy charts its way through pregnancy in American history...in a broadly sweeping narrative and yet one filled with details, archivally rich and thoroughly thought provoking. Over almost 300 years of history, Freidenfelds is able to substantially weave together the medical, consumer, feminist and rhetorical history of American pregnancy....Freidenfelds serves up this history in a compelling book that also provides advice to the modern American pregnant person (or anyone considering pregnancy). She closes each chapter with a reflection on what we, as a 2020 reading audience, can take away from this history and how we can use these historical lessons to improve the pregnancy experience for all Americans....An important addition to the library of reproduction scholars and all reproducing Americans." -- Shannon K. Withycombe, Social History of Medicine

"The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy does a remarkable job of weaving together historical and contemporary analysis....[It] breaks new ground...as Freidenfelds brings women's online voices, captured in pregnancy websites, apps, and discussion forums...into this history....[It] is a lively, innovative, and highly readable book, well-suited to undergraduate teaching in a range of fields, including women's history and the histories of medicine, science, and technology. Freidenfelds does an admirable job of situating the commonness of miscarriage experiences in broad historical context, underscoring the damaging effects of much of the cultural rhetoric surrounding 'modern' pregnancy, and offering substantive recommendations for a better way forward." -- Whitney Wood, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences

"...clearly written and innovatively researched book...The readership for this book is wide: in addition to being an excellent text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in the fields of medical history and gender and women's studies, it will be of interest to digital historians looking for exemplary models of how to work with internet sources." -- Cassia Roth, Isis

"Accessibly and sympathetically written about women's experiences with pregnancy loss. Freidenfelds even offers suggestions for simple but powerful changes that could alleviate some of the inevitable grief that accompanies miscarriage today, such as informational inserts on miscarriage in home pregnancy testing kits. Scholars of women's history and medicine will find this a welcome addition to the historiography on abortion, birth control, pregnancy, child birth, fertility, and motherhood. Undergraduate and graduate students will undoubtedly find Freidenfelds's work an engaging and thoroughly researched point of introduction to this vast subject. Finally, anyone who has been touched by miscarriage firsthand may find comfort in seeing their experience expertly woven into this humane and beautifully written historical narrative." -- Jessica Martucci, Journal of American History

"Outstanding....filled with insights and...compassion...The book is...an important feminist text, analysing the way in which women's fertility has been and is a source of oppression. It sees women as victims - victims of relentless pregnancies in colonial times, of the requirement to mother 'intensively' in more recent times, and of aggressive marketing and medical surveillance in modern times. In the final chapter, the author suggests ways in which women might take back control....I found it inspiring and illuminating." -- Mary Nolan, De Partu

"Viewing what used to be called 'lost' pregnancies with an understanding of the fullness of women's reproductive lives and desires, Freidenfelds delivers a powerful history. Her excellent book should be read by public health practitioners and their students for the information it delivers about the historical experience of pregnancy and miscarriage and for the insights it provides about the ways new media and new technologies shape the modern experience of miscarriage." -- Janet Golden, American Journal of Public Health

"This is a book filled with insights and with compassion. It is always pro-women, especially when analysing the politics of pro-choice and pro-life still highly influential in the United States. I found it inspiring and illuminating. It is often said that it is only possible tounderstand the present by studying the past and this book has certainly thrown more light on women's contemporary experiences of pregnancy and mothering than many I have read that relate only to the 21st century." -- Dr Mary Nolan, Departu

This social and medical history of the role of miscarriage will be useful for people planning a family, women who have had a miscarriage, and gender studies students." -- Library Journal

This lively and informative book is simultaneously an exploration of contemporary 'mommy blogs' and a deeply researched history of childbirth in America. By focusing on the history of miscarriage, it casts new light on almost every aspect of our modern reproductive system, from technological innovations like sonograms to the semantics of abortion debates. It is an innovative and powerful contribution to history and to present-day discourse on childbearing." -- Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, author of A Midwife's Tale

Bravo! Freidenfelds has delivered a formidable and gripping account of pregnancy loss in America. She weaves the voices of women today and generations past with keen historical and scientific insights. The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy shines a much-needed light on miscarriage, a subject that has, until now, been hidden from both casual conversations and scholarly scrutiny." -- Randi Hutter Epstein, author of Get Me Out: A History of Childbirth from the Garden of Eden to the Sperm Bank

Freidenfelds captures the dramatic transformation of the ideal of pregnancy over the past two hundred years, from a normal, accepted part of a colonial woman's life to the highly monitored, commercialized, and emotional-laden experiences of 21st century women. With sensitivity and care she explores the experience of pregnancy loss, which remains a common yet rarely publicly discussed occurrence." -- Rima D. Apple, author of Perfect Motherhood: Science and Childrearing in America

The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy offers far more than a meticulously researched historical perspective on reproductive health and parenting attitudes. It also provides critical insight to the present, with a lesson that much of childbearing and childrearing is out of our control, to expect and accept the ups and downs of life and the inevitable mistakes we will make as parents. Freidenfelds has used facts to illustrate how our perfectionist parenting standards came about, so that we may forgive ourselves our imperfections. This is a message many parents, myself included, need to hear and be reminded of. Freidenfelds' work can help shift the current culture of parenting, and we will all benefit." -- Monique Tello, MD, MPH, FACP, Massachusetts General Hospital

[The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy] takes all of those truths and puts them in historical and contemporary context. The result is an important and fascinating book that... will resonate with, and maybe bring a measure of relief to, countless families." -- Heidi Stevens, The Chicago Tribune